A brain tumour is an abnormal growth of cells in the brain. These growths can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Benign tumours do not spread to other parts of the body and are typically less aggressive, whereas malignant tumours can invade surrounding brain tissue and may spread to other parts of the body.

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Brain tumours can arise from different types of cells within the brain, including glial cells (such as astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymal cells) or neurons. The location of the tumour within the brain and its specific characteristics determine the symptoms it may cause and the appropriate treatment options.

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Symptoms of a brain tumour can vary widely depending on factors such as the tumour's size, location, and rate of growth. Common symptoms may include headaches, seizures, changes in vision or hearing, difficulty with balance or coordination, cognitive changes, and personality or behaviour changes.

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Diagnosis typically involves imaging tests such as MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) or CT (computed tomography) scans, as well as a biopsy to examine a sample of the tumour tissue.

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Treatment options for brain tumours may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted drug therapy, or a combination of these approaches. The choice of treatment depends on factors such as the type and location of the tumour, as well as the individual's overall health and preferences.